Archaeological discoveries prove a Gallo-Roman presence (to see in the Museum). The Bulgnéville was then occupied by the Merovingiansas proved by the cemetery discovered in the centre of the village at the end of the 19th century.

After it became a strong place in the Middle Ages, Bulgnéville developed itself thanks to some fairs and the protection bestowed upon it by its fortress dominating the hillock where is now located the church. It was during the troubled times of the terrible Hundred Years' War that Bulgnéville's name became a tragic-sounding name. Indeed, on July 2, 1431, its territory was the scene of a renown battle which opposed the Franco-Lorraine Army to the Anglo-Bourguignon Army for the succession of the Lorraine Duchy Throne, battle by the way the former lost. After the Middle Ages, the Thirty Years' War put an end to the village economic boom. Its fortress was destroyed and  numerous armies and mercenaries went through it until 1650. In the 18th century, after it has become the seat of a barony, Bulgnéville experienced a significant dynamism. With the new castle of the Des Salles family, Bulgnéville became an economic centre with its four trade fairs, weekly markets, numerous tanners, basket makers, potters… rom being a barony, the village became the centre of a seigniory which became a marquisate in 1708, the seigniory had no less than 13 villages. Right from 1709, a convent of Récollet Fathers was built, then an hospital in 1714, Bulgnéville which had in 1710 more than 600 inhabitants, had in the 18th century everything needed to make it an urban centre. Principal town of a canton of 1,000 inhabitants after the Revolution, farming became an economic motive with the dairy industry booming around 1930.